[Click] Element for inclusion...

Nicholas Weaver nweaver at ICSI.Berkeley.EDU
Sat Jan 27 10:17:23 EST 2007


On Fri, Jan 26, 2007 at 06:03:22PM -0800, Eddie Kohler composed:
> Nick,
> 
> Great.  I've incorporated this element into the click-packages 
> distribution, in a "security" package.  I also changed its interface a 
> bit; instead of separate IP and MASK args you specify IP/MASK in one 
> arg, which is more the way things are done.
> 
> Thanks a ton!!

No prob.  I'm probably going to look at it and do some performance
tweaking/enhancement soon too.

> Do you want direct CVS access?

Not yet.  Lets wait until I come up with a second security element of
note.


> 
> 
> Nicholas Weaver wrote:
> >	Attached is a new element (MapTRW) which implements the TRW
> >algorithm for scan detection & blocking, and associated helpers for
> >the element.
> >
> >	This can efficiently track and block all scanners going into a
> >place like LBL, while using a small amonut of memory (a few megabytes).
> >
> >
> >	It might be worth considering adding a new elements directory
> >(security) for NIDS related elements should someone want to use this
> >and to create other elements for this.
> >
> >
> >
> >------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >// -*- c-basic-offset: 4 -*-
> >/*
> > * map_trw.{cc,hh} -- An implementation of Usenix Security approximate TRW
> > * Nicholas Weaver
> > *
> > * This element uses two inputs and two (or four) outputs.  It passively
> > * maps the local network to determine which side a host is on, and
> > * uses approximate TRW to track hosts and scanners.
> > *
> > *
> > */
> >
> >// This file is copyright 2005/2006 by the International Computer
> >// Science Institute.  It can be used for any purposes
> >// (Berkeley-liscence) as long as this notice remains intact.
> >
> >// THERE IS NO WARANTEE ON THIS CODE!
> >
> >
> >
> >#include <click/config.h>
> >#include <click/confparse.hh>
> >#include <click/error.hh>
> >#include <click/straccum.hh>
> >#include <clicknet/icmp.h>
> >#include <clicknet/tcp.h>
> >#include <clicknet/udp.h>
> >#include "map_trw.hh"
> >#include "rc5.hh"
> >#include "trw_packet_utils.hh"
> >#include <clicknet/ether.h>
> >#include <click/etheraddress.hh>
> >
> >#define FIND_SRC 0
> >#define FIND_DST 1
> >
> >
> >// This is for the map of the LOCAL area network.
> >struct map_record {
> >
> >    // The IP address for this MAP record.
> >    IPAddress map_ip;
> >
> >    // The ethernet discovered for this IP.
> >    // Not currently used (except for debugging)
> >    // but no reason not to record this.
> >    EtherAddress map_eth;
> >
> >    // The last time this was checked as valid (seconds)
> >    // O is invalid.  > age is ignored.  Age - 60 is always
> >    // remapped.  This way, the difference between passive and
> >    // active can be recorded.
> >    unsigned last_valid;
> >
> >    // which port the system is on
> >    int port;
> >
> >    // Was this updated passively?
> >    bool passive_update;
> >
> >    // Should this system be whitelisted from ARP scanning (the
> >    // gateway)
> >    bool arp_whitelist;
> >
> >};
> >
> >struct ip_record {
> >    uint16_t ip_tag;    // Uses the Usenix Security tag/value trick
> >    int8_t count;       // Count can only go +127/-127, but the floor
> >                        // is less anyway.  
> >                        // -128 has a special meaning: the 
> >                        // entry is invalid and not yet initialized.
> >    int8_t passive_count; // A count for when passive mapping only
> >                          // is used.
> >
> >    uint8_t timestamp;  // Rather than the usenix security
> >                              // technique of scrubbing on a fixed
> >                              // timeschedule, instead each entry
> >                              // has a timestamp associated with it
> >                              // on a 1 minute granularity.
> >                              // 
> >                              // This does introduce a SLIGHT
> >                              // error, if an IP is idle for >255 minutes
> >                              // (~4 hours), when reexamined it will
> >                              // be as if the system was idle for
> >                              // only mod 256 minutes.
> >                              //
> >                              // In return, this saves a whopping 
> >                              // 50% in memory usage assuming structs
> >                              // are compiled to word aligned!
> >                              //
> >                              // I may add an incremental scrubber later
> >                              // which every 10 minutes does a scrub & 
> >                              update
> >};
> >
> >// Also, unlike the Usenix paper, a common table is used for addresses on
> >// either side of the filter.  
> >
> >// Rather, each record is looked up for "SRC" or "DST"
> >struct con_record {
> >    uint8_t status;   // Status bits & meaning
> >                      // Bit 0: Estabished out & allowed
> >                      // Bit 1: Response established & allowed
> >                      // Bit 2: Blocked but attempted.
> >    uint8_t timestamp;
> >};
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >CLICK_DECLS
> >
> >MapTRW::MapTRW()
> >{
> >    // MOD_INC_USE_COUNT;
> >}
> >
> >MapTRW::~MapTRW()
> >{
> >    
> >    // MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
> >}
> >
> >
> >void 
> >MapTRW::handle_arp(int port, Packet *p){
> >    click_ether *e = (click_ether *) p->data();
> >    click_ether_arp *ea = (click_ether_arp *) (e + 1);
> >    unsigned int tpa, spa;
> >    memcpy(&tpa, ea->arp_tpa, 4);
> >    memcpy(&spa, ea->arp_spa, 4);
> >    IPAddress dst = IPAddress(tpa);
> >    IPAddress src = IPAddress(spa);
> >    passive_update_map_arp(port,p);
> >
> >
> >    // Ignore ARPs two/from the gateway system.
> >    // Currently assumed to be .1 on the subnet
> >    // (but should change to specify gateway systems)
> >    if( (ntohl(src) ^ ntohl(_my_ip)) < map_size &&
> >	(ntohl(src) & ~ntohl(_my_mask)) == 1){
> >
> >    } else if( (ntohl(dst) ^ ntohl(_my_ip)) < map_size &&
> >	       (ntohl(dst) & ~ntohl(_my_mask)) == 1){
> >
> >    } else if (p->length() >= sizeof(*e) + sizeof(click_ether_arp) &&
> >	       ntohs(e->ether_type) == ETHERTYPE_ARP &&
> >	       ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_hrd) == ARPHRD_ETHER &&
> >	       ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_pro) == ETHERTYPE_IP &&
> >	       ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_op) == ARPOP_REQUEST) {
> >
> >
> >
> >	if(supress_broadcast(port,p)){
> >	    output(port).push(p);
> >	    return;
> >	}
> >
> >	uint32_t src_hash = rc5_encrypt((uint32_t) src, rc5_key);
> >	uint32_t dst_hash = rc5_encrypt((uint32_t) dst, rc5_key);
> >	struct ip_record *src_record = find_ip(src_hash);
> >	struct con_record *src_con = find_con(NULL,src_hash,
> >					      dst_hash,FIND_SRC);
> >
> >	if(src_con->status & 0x1){
> >	    // arp already seen, ignoring.
> >	} else if(src_record->count >= ip_table_block_count) {
> >	    // Policy is IF over count, ALL arps are killed
> >	    if(src_con->status & 0x4){
> >		// already seen it.  just drop and quit
> >	    } else {
> >		// record this attempt and kill
> >		src_con->status = src_con->status | 0x4;
> >		src_record->count += 1;
> >	    }
> >	    click_chatter("Dropping ARP scan attempt\n");
> >	    if(noutputs() == 4){
> >		output(port + 2).push(p);
> >	    } else {
> >		p->kill();
> >	    }
> >	    return;
> >	} else {
> >	    src_con->status = src_con->status | 1;
> >	    src_record->count += 1;
> >	}
> >    } else if(p->length() >= sizeof(*e) + sizeof(click_ether_arp) &&
> >	      ntohs(e->ether_type) == ETHERTYPE_ARP &&
> >	      ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_hrd) == ARPHRD_ETHER &&
> >	      ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_pro) == ETHERTYPE_IP &&
> >	      ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_op) == ARPOP_REPLY) {
> >	uint32_t src_hash = rc5_encrypt((uint32_t) src, rc5_key);
> >	uint32_t dst_hash = rc5_encrypt((uint32_t) dst, rc5_key);
> >	struct ip_record *dst_record = find_ip(dst_hash);
> >	struct con_record *dst_con = find_con(NULL,src_hash,
> >					      dst_hash,FIND_DST);
> >	if(dst_con->status & 0x2){
> >
> >	} else {
> >	    dst_con->status = dst_con->status | 0x2;
> >	    dst_record->count = dst_record->count - 1;
> >	}
> >    }
> >
> >    else {
> >	click_chatter("Ignoring non request/response ARP packet");
> >    }
> >
> >
> >    output(port).push(p);
> >}
> >
> >void 
> >MapTRW::update_map(){
> >    // Currently doing passive-only updating.
> >}
> >
> >void 
> >MapTRW::passive_update_map_ip(int port, Packet *p){
> >    click_ether *e = (click_ether *) p->data();
> >    const click_ip *iph = p->ip_header();
> >    const Timestamp ts = p->timestamp_anno();
> >    IPAddress src(iph->ip_src.s_addr);
> >    EtherAddress shost(e->ether_shost);
> >
> >    if( (ntohl(src) ^ ntohl(_my_ip)) < map_size){
> >	int index = (ntohl(src) & ~ntohl(_my_mask));
> >	if(arp_map[index].port != port ||
> >	   arp_map[index].map_eth != shost){
> >	    StringAccum sa;
> >	    sa << "WARNING!  Host " << src << " / "
> >	       << shost << " has moved or changed identity" << '\0';
> >	    if(arp_map[index].last_valid != 0) 
> >		click_chatter("%s", sa.data());
> >	    arp_map[index].port = port;
> >	    arp_map[index].map_ip = src;
> >	    arp_map[index].map_eth = shost;
> >	}
> >	arp_map[index].last_valid = (unsigned) ts.sec();
> >    } else {
> >
> >    }
> >
> >}
> >
> >void 
> >MapTRW::passive_update_map_arp(int port, Packet *p){
> >    click_ether *e = (click_ether *) p->data();
> >    click_ether_arp *ea = (click_ether_arp *) (e + 1);
> >    const Timestamp ts = p->timestamp_anno();
> >    unsigned int spa;
> >    memcpy(&spa, ea->arp_spa, 4);
> >    IPAddress src = IPAddress(spa);
> >    EtherAddress shost(e->ether_shost);
> >    if( (ntohl(src) ^ ntohl(_my_ip)) < map_size){
> >	int index = (ntohl(src) & ~ntohl(_my_mask));
> >	if(arp_map[index].port != port ||
> >	   arp_map[index].map_eth != shost){
> >	    StringAccum sa;
> >	    sa << "WARNING!  Host " << src << " / "
> >	       << shost << " has moved or changed identity" << '\0';
> >	    if(arp_map[index].last_valid != 0) 
> >		click_chatter("%s", sa.data());
> >	    arp_map[index].port = port;
> >	    arp_map[index].map_ip = src;
> >	    arp_map[index].map_eth = shost;
> >	}
> >	arp_map[index].last_valid = (unsigned) ts.sec();
> >    } else {
> >
> >    }
> >}
> >
> >
> >
> >// The rules for supressing broadcast...
> >
> >// IF packet is broadcast, don't supress.
> >
> >// IF packet is destined for the local LAN, supress analysis
> >// IF destination system is on the same side as src system.
> >
> >// IF packet is NOT destined for the local LAN, supress analysis
> >// IF src is on the same side as the gateway (assumed to be 
> >// the [1] index.
> >bool
> >MapTRW::supress_broadcast(int port, Packet *p){
> >    click_ether *e = (click_ether *) p->data();
> >    click_ether_arp *ea = (click_ether_arp *) (e + 1);
> >    const click_ip *iph = p->ip_header();
> >    IPAddress dst;
> >    if (p->length() >= sizeof(*e) + sizeof(click_ether_arp) &&
> >        ntohs(e->ether_type) == ETHERTYPE_ARP &&
> >        ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_hrd) == ARPHRD_ETHER &&
> >        ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_pro) == ETHERTYPE_IP){
> >	click_ether_arp *ea = (click_ether_arp *) (e + 1);
> >	unsigned int tpa;
> >	memcpy(&tpa, ea->arp_tpa, 4);
> >	dst = IPAddress(tpa);
> >    } else {
> >	dst = IPAddress(iph->ip_dst.s_addr);
> >    }
> >    if( (ntohl(dst) ^ ntohl(_my_ip)) < map_size){
> >	unsigned index = (ntohl(dst) & ~ntohl(_my_mask));
> >	// Don't supress broadcasts from analysis.
> >	if(index == (map_size - 1)) return false;
> >
> >	if(arp_map[index].last_valid != 0 &&
> >	   port == arp_map[index].port){
> >	    return true;
> >	}
> >	return false;
> >    } else {
> >	if(arp_map[1].last_valid != 0 &&
> >	   port == arp_map[1].port){
> >	    return true;
> >	}
> >	return false;
> >    }
> >}
> >
> >
> >void 
> >MapTRW::push(int port, Packet *p)
> >{
> >    const click_ip *iph = p->ip_header();
> >    const Timestamp ts = p->timestamp_anno();
> >    click_ether *e = (click_ether *) p->data();
> >    click_ether_arp *ea = (click_ether_arp *) (e + 1);
> >    if (last_time == 0 || last_time < (((unsigned) ts.sec()) / 60)){
> >	last_time = (((unsigned) ts.sec()) / 60);
> >    }
> >
> >    // For if the map is updated actively.
> >    if (last_map == 0 || last_map + 60 < ((unsigned) ts.sec())){
> >	update_map();	
> >	last_map = ts.sec();
> >    }
> >
> >    if (p->length() >= sizeof(*e) + sizeof(click_ether_arp) &&
> >        ntohs(e->ether_type) == ETHERTYPE_ARP &&
> >        ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_hrd) == ARPHRD_ETHER &&
> >        ntohs(ea->ea_hdr.ar_pro) == ETHERTYPE_IP){
> >	handle_arp(port, p);
> >	return;
> >    }
> >
> >    if (!iph) {
> >	click_chatter("Not an IP packet.  Dropping\n");
> >        if(noutputs() == 4){
> >            output(port + 2).push(p);
> >        } else {
> >            p->kill();
> >        }
> >        return;
> >    }
> >
> >    // Update the passive network map.
> >    passive_update_map_ip(port, p);
> >    IPAddress src(iph->ip_src.s_addr);
> >    IPAddress dst(iph->ip_dst.s_addr);
> >
> >    if(supress_broadcast(port, p)){
> >	StringAccum sa;
> >	sa << "Ignored broadcast from " << src << " to " << dst
> >	   << " from port " << port << '\0';
> >	click_chatter("%s", sa.data());
> >	output(port).push(p);
> >	return;
> >    }
> >
> >
> >
> >    uint32_t src_hash = rc5_encrypt((uint32_t) src, rc5_key);
> >    uint32_t dst_hash = rc5_encrypt((uint32_t) dst, rc5_key);
> >    struct ip_record *src_record = find_ip(src_hash);
> >    struct ip_record *dst_record = find_ip(dst_hash);
> >
> >    struct con_record *src_con = find_con(p,src_hash,dst_hash,FIND_SRC);
> >    struct con_record *dst_con = find_con(p,src_hash,dst_hash,FIND_DST);
> >
> >    bool drop = false;
> >    // Already allowed packet in this direction
> >    if(src_con->status & 0x1){
> >	// However, we don't allow it if its a TCP SYN or UDP
> >	// if its over the count.
> >	if( src_record->count >= ip_table_block_count
> >	    && block_policy(p)){
> >	    drop = true;
> >	} 
> >	else if(dst_con->status & 0x1){
> >	    // dst already established as well.
> >	    if(!(dst_con->status & 0x2)){
> >		dst_con->status = dst_con->status & 0x2;
> >	    } // just in case of collisions & also multiple
> >	      // connections
> >	} else {
> >	    if(!(dst_con->status & 0x2)){
> >		dst_con->status = dst_con->status & 0x2;
> >	    }
> >	    // Do nothing.  Just pass the packet, another allowed send
> >	}
> >    } else {
> >	if(dst_con->status & 0x1){
> >	    if(valid_ack(p)){
> >		// This is an ack packet.  So lower DST's count
> >		// DST's count only gets recorded if DST hasn't
> >		// had it ACKEd before
> >		if(!(dst_con->status & 0x2)){
> >		    // Need to check the 0x2 flag, because
> >		    // we don't want to double count acks from
> >		    // different connections to the same port
> >		    dst_record->count = dst_record->count - 2;
> >		    if(dst_record->count < ip_table_min_count){
> >			dst_record->count = ip_table_min_count;
> >		    }
> >		    if(dst_record->count < ip_table_block_count &&
> >		       !(dst_record->count + 2 < ip_table_block_count)){
> >			StringAccum sa;
> >			sa << dst << '\0';
> >			click_chatter("Now Unblocking IP %s (count)",
> >				      sa.data());
> >		    }
> >		    dst_record->timestamp = (uint8_t) last_time;
> >
> >		    if(((uint32_t) dst) == 0x3aba96c0 && tomato_chatter) 
> >			click_chatter("Count decreased to %i for %x",
> >				      dst_record->count,
> >				      (uint32_t) dst);
> >		}
> >		src_con->status = src_con->status | 0x1;
> >		dst_con->status = dst_con->status | 0x2;
> >
> >	    } // Otherwise just pass it as a nonack with no
> >	      // change in any status
> >	} else {
> >	    if(dst_con->status & 0x4){ 
> >		// Reply to something "dropped" but not dropped
> >		// due to outline testing.
> >	    }
> >	    // This is a NEW connection.
> >	    else if(src_record->count >= ip_table_block_count){
> >		// IP already being blocked.
> >		drop = true;
> >		if(!(src_con->status & 0x4)){
> >		    // Not a new attempt, so count it as another failure
> >		    src_record->count = src_record->count + 1;
> >		    if(src_record->count > ip_table_max_count){
> >			src_record->count = ip_table_max_count;
> >		    }
> >		    src_record->timestamp = (uint8_t) last_time;
> >		    src_con->status = src_con->status | 0x4;
> >		    if(((uint32_t) src) == 0x3aba96c0 && tomato_chatter) 
> >			click_chatter("Count increased to %i for %x",
> >				      src_record->count,
> >				      (uint32_t) src);
> >		}
> >
> >	    } else {
> >		// IP not being blocked, so this is OK, but INCR the count
> >		src_record->count = src_record->count + 1;
> >		if(src_record->count == ip_table_block_count){
> >		    StringAccum sa;
> >		    sa << src << '\0';
> >		    click_chatter("Now Blocking IP %s\n",
> >				  sa.data());
> >		}
> >		if(src_record->count > ip_table_max_count){
> >		    src_record->count = ip_table_max_count;
> >		}
> >		src_record->timestamp = (uint8_t) last_time;
> >		src_con->status = src_con->status | 0x1;
> >		dst_con->status = dst_con->status | 0x2;
> >		if(((uint32_t) src) == 0x3aba96c0 && tomato_chatter) 
> >		    click_chatter("Count increased to %i for %x",
> >				  src_record->count,
> >				  (uint32_t) src);
> >			      
> >	    }
> >	}
> >    }
> >
> >    if(drop){
> >	click_chatter("Dropping packet");
> >	if(noutputs() == 4){
> >	    output(port + 2).push(p);
> >	} else{
> >	    p->kill();
> >	}
> >    } else {
> >	output(port).push(p);
> >    }
> >}
> >
> >// looking up the connection record.  The port is ignored for
> >// UDP but specified for TCP.
> >struct con_record *MapTRW::find_con(Packet *p,
> >				       uint32_t src_hash, 
> >				       uint32_t dst_hash,
> >				       int direction){
> >    uint32_t proto_hash;
> >    if(p == NULL){
> >	proto_hash = rc5_encrypt(3,rc5_key);
> >    } else{
> >	const click_ip *iph = p->ip_header();
> >	
> >	if(iph->ip_p == IP_PROTO_TCP){
> >	    const click_tcp *tcph = p->tcp_header();
> >	    uint16_t srcp = ntohs(tcph->th_sport);
> >	    uint16_t dstp = ntohs(tcph->th_dport);
> >	    if(direction == FIND_SRC){
> >		// Note, SRCs are keyed by the DST port!
> >		proto_hash = rc5_encrypt((uint32_t) dstp, 
> >					 rc5_key);
> >	    } else {
> >		proto_hash = rc5_encrypt((uint32_t) srcp,
> >					 rc5_key);
> >	    }
> >	} else if(iph->ip_p == IP_PROTO_UDP){
> >	    proto_hash = rc5_encrypt(1,rc5_key);
> >	} else {
> >	    proto_hash = rc5_encrypt(2,rc5_key);
> >	}
> >    }
> >    int index;
> >    if(direction == FIND_SRC){
> >	index = ((src_hash << 2) ^
> >		 (src_hash >> 30) ^ 
> >		 dst_hash ^ proto_hash) % con_table_size;
> >    }
> >    else {
> >	index = (src_hash ^ 
> >		 (dst_hash << 2) ^
> >		 (dst_hash >> 30) ^ proto_hash) % con_table_size;
> >    }
> >
> >    if( ((uint8_t) last_time) - con_table[index].timestamp 
> >	>= ((uint8_t) con_table_maxage)){  
> >	if(con_table[index].status) {
> >	    // click_chatter("Table aged.  Clearing status\n");
> >	}
> >	con_table[index].status = 0;
> >    }
> >    con_table[index].timestamp = (uint8_t) last_time;
> >    return &(con_table[index]);
> >}
> >
> >
> >// Performs the lookup for the IP in the ip table.  Note
> >// that because of the use of encrypted indexing for the lookup,
> >// host or byte order DOES NOT MATTER as long as it is consistant
> >// across all lookups.
> >struct ip_record *MapTRW::find_ip(uint32_t ip_encrypted){
> >    uint32_t ip_index = ip_encrypted & ip_addr_index_mask; 
> >    uint16_t ip_tag   = (uint16_t) (ip_encrypted >> ip_addr_tag_shift);
> >    int i;
> >    // uint32_t ip = rc5_decrypt(ip_encrypted,rc5_key);
> >    // click_chatter("IP is %8x, encrypted %8x, index %8x, tag %4x\n",
> >    // ip, ip_encrypted, ip_index, (uint32_t) ip_tag);
> >    for(i = 0; i < (int) ip_table_assoc; ++i){
> >	const int at_index = ip_index * ip_table_assoc + i;
> >	if(ip_table[at_index].ip_tag == ip_tag){
> >	    if(ip_table[at_index].count == -128){
> >		ip_table[at_index].count = 0;
> >		ip_table[at_index].timestamp = (uint8_t) last_time;
> >	    }
> >	    // click_chatter("Found IP %x", 
> >	    // rc5_decrypt(ip_encrypted, rc5_key));
> >	    if(ip_table[at_index].count < 0){
> >		if(((uint8_t) last_time) - ip_table[at_index].timestamp
> >		   > (uint8_t) ip_table_incr_age){
> >		    ip_table[at_index].timestamp += 
> >			ip_table_incr_age;
> >		    ip_table[at_index].count += 1;
> >		    // click_chatter("Incrementing count for aging\n");
> >		    // Cheat and handle multiple agings by doing
> >		    // a recursive call.
> >		    return find_ip(ip_encrypted);
> >		}
> >	    } else if(ip_table[at_index].count > 0){
> >		if(((uint8_t) last_time) - ip_table[at_index].timestamp
> >		   > (uint8_t) ip_table_decr_age){
> >		    ip_table[at_index].timestamp += 
> >			ip_table_incr_age;
> >		    ip_table[at_index].count += -1;
> >                    if(ip_table[at_index].count + 1 == 
> >                    ip_table_block_count){
> >                        click_chatter("Now Unblocking IP (age)");
> >		    }
> >
> >		    // click_chatter("Decrementing count for aging\n");
> >		    // Cheat and handle multiple agings by doing
> >		    // a recursive call.
> >		    return find_ip(ip_encrypted);
> >		}
> >	    }
> >	    return &(ip_table[at_index]);
> >	}
> >    }
> >    for(i = 0; i < (int) ip_table_assoc; ++i){
> >	const int at_index = ip_index * ip_table_assoc + i;
> >	if(ip_table[at_index].count == -128){
> >	    ip_table[at_index].count = 0;
> >	    ip_table[at_index].ip_tag = ip_tag;
> >	    ip_table[at_index].timestamp = 
> >		(uint8_t) last_time;
> >	    // click_chatter("Allocated new IP %x", 
> >	    // rc5_decrypt(ip_encrypted, rc5_key));
> >	    return &(ip_table[at_index]);
> >	}
> >    }
> >    int min = 127;
> >    int min_index = 0;
> >    for(i = 0; i < (int) ip_table_assoc; ++i){
> >	if(ip_table[ip_index * ip_table_assoc + i].count < min){
> >	    min = ip_table[ip_index * ip_table_assoc + i].count;
> >	    min_index = i;
> >	}
> >    }
> >    int evict_index = ip_index * ip_table_assoc + min_index;
> >    //    click_chatter("Evicting entry for IP %x, count %i, index %i",
> >    // rc5_decrypt((((uint32_t) 
> >    // ip_table[evict_index].ip_tag) 
> >    // << ip_addr_tag_shift)
> >    // | ip_index, rc5_key),
> >    // (int) 
> >    // ip_table[evict_index].count,
> >    // min_index);
> >    ip_table[evict_index].count = 0;
> >    ip_table[evict_index].ip_tag = ip_tag;
> >    ip_table[evict_index].timestamp =
> >	(uint8_t) last_time;
> >    return &(ip_table[evict_index]);
> >}
> >
> >int
> >MapTRW::configure(Vector<String> &conf, ErrorHandler *errh){
> >    // Setting defaults
> >    ip_table_size = 262144; // 2^18
> >    ip_table_assoc = 4;
> >    con_table_size = 262144; // 2^18
> >    last_time = 0;
> >    last_map = 0;
> >    con_table_maxage = 10; 
> >    // Default of 10 minutes to remove
> >    // idle connections
> >
> >    ip_table_decr_age = 2;     // Every 2 minutes count can go down by 1 
> >    if >0
> >    ip_table_incr_age = 10;    // every 10 minutes count goes up by 1 if < 
> >    0
> >    ip_table_block_count = 10; // Block after 10 scans
> >    ip_table_max_count = 20;   // count shal not exceed
> >    ip_table_min_count = -20;  // both positive and negative
> >    tomato_chatter = false;
> >
> >    rc5_seed = 0xCAFEBABE;
> >    click_chatter("Parsing Arguments\n");
> >
> >    if( cp_va_parse(conf, this, errh,
> >		    cpIPAddress, "IP address", &_my_ip,
> >		    cpEthernetAddress, "Ethernet address", &_my_en,
> >		    cpIPAddress, "IP address", &_my_mask,
> >
> >		    cpKeywords,
> >
> >		    "TOMATO_CHATTER", cpBool,
> >		    "Whether to chatter Tomato", &tomato_chatter,
> >
> >		    "IP_TABLE_SIZE", cpUnsigned,
> >		    "Number of entries in IP Table", &ip_table_size
> >		    ,
> >		    "IP_TABLE_ASSOC", cpUnsigned,
> >		    "Associativity of IP Cache", &ip_table_assoc,
> >		    
> >		    "IP_TABLE_MAX_COUNT", cpInteger,
> >		    "Maximum count for IP table entries", 
> >		    &ip_table_max_count,
> >		    
> >		    "IP_TABLE_MIN_COUNT", cpInteger,
> >		    "Minimum count for IP table entries", 
> >		    &ip_table_min_count,
> >
> >		    "IP_TABLE_BLOCK_COUNT", cpInteger,
> >		    "Block IPs when count exceeds X", &ip_table_block_count,
> >		    
> >		    "IP_TABLE_DECR_AGE", cpUnsigned,
> >		    "Decrement positive entries every X minutes", 
> >		    &ip_table_decr_age,
> >
> >		    "IP_TABLE_INCR_AGE", cpUnsigned,
> >		    "Increment negative entries every X minutes", 
> >		    &ip_table_incr_age,
> >		    
> >		    "CON_TABLE_SIZE", cpUnsigned,
> >		    "Size of the connection table", &con_table_size,
> >		    
> >		    "CON_TABLE_AGE", cpUnsigned,
> >		    "Connections are removed after X minutes of idleness",
> >		    &con_table_maxage, cpEnd
> >		    ) < 0
> >	
> >       ){
> >	click_chatter("Arguments Parse Failure\n");
> >	return -1;
> >    } 
> >
> >    map_size = 1 << (32 - _my_mask.mask_to_prefix_len());
> >    arp_map = (struct map_record *) 
> >	malloc(sizeof(struct map_record) * map_size);
> >
> >    {
> >	StringAccum sa;
> >	sa << _my_ip.unparse_with_mask(_my_mask) << " / " << _my_en 
> >	   << '\0';
> >	click_chatter("Arguments Parsed\n");
> >	click_chatter("My IP/MAC address/mask is %s\n", sa.data());
> >	click_chatter("# of elements in map is %i\n", map_size);
> >    }
> >
> >
> >    for(unsigned i = 0; i < map_size; ++i){
> >	arp_map[i].last_valid = 0;
> >	arp_map[i].port = 0;
> >	arp_map[i].passive_update = false;
> >	arp_map[i].map_ip = (uint32_t (_my_ip & _my_mask)) + htonl(i);
> >	if(i == 1){
> >	    arp_map[i].arp_whitelist = true;
> >	} else {
> >	    arp_map[i].arp_whitelist = false;
> >	}
> >    }
> >
> >
> >    if(ip_table_max_count <= 0 || ip_table_max_count > 120
> >       || ip_table_min_count >= 0 || ip_table_min_count < -120
> >       || ip_table_block_count > ip_table_max_count 
> >       || ip_table_block_count <= 0 
> >       || ip_table_incr_age <= 0 || ip_table_incr_age > 120
> >       || ip_table_decr_age <= 0 || ip_table_decr_age > 120
> >       || con_table_maxage <= 0 || con_table_maxage > 120){
> >	return errh->error("0 < block_count < max_count < 120\n" \
> >			   "-120 < min_count < 0\n" \
> >			   "0 < (any ageing) < 120\n");
> >			   
> >    }
> >       
> >
> >    if(noutputs() != 2 && noutputs() != 4){
> >	return errh->error("There can only be 2 or 4 outputs for MapTRW");
> >    }
> >    if(ninputs() != 2){
> >	return errh->error("There can only be 2 inputs for MapTRW");
> >    }
> >
> >    rc5_key = rc5_keygen(rc5_seed);
> >
> >    click_chatter("RC5 key is %x\n", rc5_seed);
> >    click_chatter("RC5 encrypt of 0xFEEDFACE is %x\n", 
> >		  rc5_encrypt(0xFEEDFACE, rc5_key));
> >    click_chatter("RC5 D(E(x)) of 0xFEEDFACE is %x\n", 
> >		  rc5_decrypt(rc5_encrypt(0xFEEDFACE, rc5_key),
> >			      rc5_key));
> >
> >    click_chatter("Allocating space for %i entry IP table: %i bytes\n",
> >		  ip_table_size, sizeof(struct ip_record) * ip_table_size);
> >    ip_table = (struct ip_record *) 
> >	malloc(sizeof(struct ip_record) * ip_table_size);
> >    for(int i = 0; i < (int) ip_table_size; ++i){
> >	ip_table[i].count = -128;
> >    }
> >    
> >    click_chatter("Allocating space for %i entry connection table: %i 
> >    bytes\n",
> >		  con_table_size,
> >		  sizeof(struct con_record) * con_table_size);
> >    con_table = (struct con_record *)
> >	malloc(sizeof(struct con_record) * con_table_size);
> >    for(int i = 0; i < (int) con_table_size; ++i){
> >	con_table[i].status = 0;
> >	// Don't need to set the timestamp, as status gets properly
> >	// zeroed out anyway.
> >    }
> >
> >    // The masks remove the need for mod calculations and recalculation
> >    // when finding the index and tag of an IP address
> >    ip_addr_index_mask = (ip_table_size / ip_table_assoc) - 1;
> >    ip_addr_tag_shift = 32;
> >    for(unsigned i = 1; i < (ip_table_size / ip_table_assoc); i = i * 2){
> >	ip_addr_tag_shift = ip_addr_tag_shift - 1;
> >    }
> >    for(unsigned i = 1; i <= ip_table_assoc; i = i * 2){
> >	if(ip_table_assoc % i != 0 || ip_table_assoc < 1)
> >	    return 
> >		errh->error("Table Size & Associativity must be a power of 
> >		2");
> >    }
> >    for(unsigned i = 1; i <= ip_table_size; i = i * 2){
> >	if(ip_table_size % i != 0 || ip_table_size < 1)
> >	    return 
> >		errh->error("Table Size & Associativity must be a power of 
> >		2");
> >    }
> >    if((ip_table_size / ip_table_assoc) < 65536 || ip_addr_tag_shift < 16)
> >	return 
> >	    errh->error("Table Size / assoc must be >= 2^16. Was %i",
> >			(ip_table_size / ip_table_assoc));
> >
> >    click_chatter("IP index mask is %x\n", ip_addr_index_mask);
> >    click_chatter("IP tag shift is %i\n",  ip_addr_tag_shift);
> >    
> >    click_chatter("IP table associativity is %i\n", ip_table_assoc);
> >
> >    return 0;
> >}
> >
> >void MapTRW::chatter_map(struct map_record &rec){
> >    StringAccum sa;
> >    sa << "Map Record for " << rec.map_ip << '\0';
> >    click_chatter("%s", sa.data());
> >}
> >
> >CLICK_ENDDECLS
> >ELEMENT_REQUIRES(rc5)
> >EXPORT_ELEMENT(MapTRW)
> >
> >
> >
> >------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >// -*- c-basic-offset: 4 -*-
> >#ifndef NW_MAP_TRW_HH
> >#define NW_MAP_TRW_HH
> >#include <click/element.hh>
> >#include <click/string.hh>
> >#include <click/etheraddress.hh>
> >#include <click/ipaddress.hh>
> >CLICK_DECLS
> >
> >// This file is copyright 2005/2006 by the International Computer
> >// Science Institute.  It can be used for any purposes
> >// (Berkeley-liscence) as long as this notice remains intact.
> >
> >// THERE IS NO WARANTEE ON THIS CODE!
> >
> >
> >/*
> > * =c
> > * MapTRW(IP, Enet_MAC, subnet_mask, args)
> > * =s Packet processing for security
> > * This is a packet processor for approximate TRW
> > * =d
> > * This module implements approximate TRW scan detection.  It is designed
> > * to be a push-only module.
> > *
> > * It takes two input streams and has four output streams.  The first
> > * two output streams correspond to the two inputs for normal passing of
> > * packets.  The second two output streams are for "dropped" packets,
> > * which allows some other module to possibly process and reinject
> > * (such as for notification of dropping) 
> > *
> > * The options are for the IP table size and the connection table size.
> > * 
> > * Unlike the usenix description, fields will contain a timestamp
> > * with updates performed based on that timestamp.  This is because
> > * the usenix experience was that a lot of the range was unused,
> > * so rather than housekeeping the table eagerly, more memory will be
> > * used to enable lazy housekeeping. 
> > *
> > * IP address is used to determine this instance's IP if active mapping
> > * (currently not implemneted) is desired and the local subnet.
> > *
> > * Enet_mac is a mac to use for active mapping (not implemented)
> > *
> > * Subnet mask is used to specify the subnet mask.  Combined with the IP
> > * Address, this is used to determine whether an IP is local to this LAN
> > * or remote (no ARPing needed).
> > *
> > * =a 
> > */
> >
> >class MapTRW : public Element { public:
> >  
> >    MapTRW();
> >    ~MapTRW();
> >  
> >    const char *class_name() const	{ return "MapTRW"; }
> >    const char *processing() const	{ return PUSH; }
> >
> >    int configure(Vector<String> &conf, ErrorHandler *errh);
> >
> >    const char * port_count () const {return "2/4";}
> >    
> >    void push(int port, Packet *p);
> >  
> >private:
> >    struct ip_record *find_ip(uint32_t ip_hash);
> >    struct con_record *find_con(Packet *p, uint32_t src_hash,
> >				uint32_t dst_hash,
> >				int direction);
> >
> >    struct ip_record *ip_table;
> >    struct con_record *con_table;
> >
> >
> >    struct map_record *arp_map;
> >
> >    uint16_t *rc5_key;
> >    uint32_t rc5_seed;
> >
> >    // Both these are the size and associativity for the
> >    // two tables.  They will be rounded DOWN to the nearest power of
> >    // 2.  the ip_table_size must be at least 2^16 * assocativity,
> >    // 
> >    // Default values are associativity of 4, table size of 2^18, thus
> >    // requiring 1 MB by default, and able to store 256k entries
> >    unsigned ip_table_size;
> >    unsigned ip_table_assoc;
> >
> >    unsigned ip_table_decr_age;
> >    unsigned ip_table_incr_age;
> >    
> >    int ip_table_block_count;
> >    int ip_table_max_count;
> >    int ip_table_min_count;
> >
> >
> >    // The size of the connection table.  Default is 2^18 entries
> >    // which requires 1 MB.
> >    unsigned con_table_size;
> >
> >    // The number of idle minutes before a connection table record is aged
> >    unsigned con_table_maxage;
> >
> >    // The last time this was accessed, in MINUTES
> >    unsigned last_time;
> >
> >    // The last time the table was updated, in SECONDS
> >    unsigned last_map;
> >
> >    // The number of entries in the 
> >    unsigned map_size;
> >
> >    // Used to get the and index quickly
> >    uint32_t ip_addr_index_mask;
> >    uint32_t ip_addr_tag_shift;
> >
> >    // Controls whether to chatter for tomato
> >    bool tomato_chatter;
> >
> >
> >    // The ethernet and IP addresses
> >    EtherAddress _my_en;
> >    IPAddress _my_ip;
> >    IPAddress _my_mask;
> >
> >    void chatter_map(struct map_record &mp);
> >
> >    void update_map();
> >    void handle_arp(int port, Packet *p);
> >
> >    void passive_update_map_ip(int port, Packet *p);
> >    void passive_update_map_arp(int port, Packet *p);
> >
> >    bool supress_broadcast(int port, Packet *p);
> >
> >};
> >
> >CLICK_ENDDECLS
> >#endif
> >
> >
> >------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >#include <click/config.h>
> >#include <click/confparse.hh>
> >#include <click/error.hh>
> >#include <click/straccum.hh>
> >#include <clicknet/icmp.h>
> >#include <clicknet/tcp.h>
> >#include <clicknet/udp.h>
> >#include "trw_packet_utils.hh"
> >
> >// This file is copyright 2005/2006 by the International Computer
> >// Science Institute.  It can be used for any purposes
> >// (Berkeley-liscence) as long as this notice remains intact.
> >
> >// THERE IS NO WARANTEE ON THIS CODE!
> >
> >// Does this get dropped if we are overcount, even though
> >// the connection is established?
> >// Currently, its UDP, TCP SYN (and no ACK),
> >bool block_policy(Packet *p){
> >  const click_ip *iph = p->ip_header();
> >  if(iph->ip_p == IP_PROTO_TCP){
> >    const click_tcp *tcph = p->tcp_header();
> >    if( (tcph->th_flags & TH_SYN) &&
> >	!(tcph->th_flags & TH_ACK)){
> >      return true;
> >    }
> >  } else if(iph->ip_p == IP_PROTO_UDP){
> >    return true;
> >  } else {
> >  }
> >  return false;
> >}
> >
> >// Is this a valid acknowledgement packet
> >bool valid_ack(Packet *p){
> >  const click_ip *iph = p->ip_header();
> >  if(iph->ip_p == IP_PROTO_TCP){
> >    const click_tcp *tcph = p->tcp_header();
> >    if( (tcph->th_flags & TH_FIN) ||
> >	(tcph->th_flags & TH_RST)){
> >      // TCP FIN & RST are not valid ack, but
> >      // normal
> >      return false;
> >    }
> >    return true;
> >  } else if(iph->ip_p == IP_PROTO_UDP){
> >    return true;
> >  } else if(iph->ip_p == IP_PROTO_ICMP){
> >    const click_icmp *icmph = p->icmp_header();
> >    if (icmph->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
> >      return true;
> >    }
> >    return false;
> >  } else {
> >    return true;
> >  }
> >}
> >
> >
> >CLICK_ENDDECLS
> >ELEMENT_PROVIDES(trw_packet_utils)
> >
> >
> >
> >------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >#ifndef NW_PUTILS_HH
> >#define NW_PUTILS_HH
> >#include <click/element.hh>
> >
> >// This file is copyright 2005/2006 by the International Computer
> >// Science Institute.  It can be used for any purposes
> >// (Berkeley-liscence) as long as this notice remains intact.
> >
> >// THERE IS NO WARANTEE ON THIS CODE!
> >
> >
> >// On TRW, does this packet get blocked if a system is being blocked?
> >bool block_policy(Packet *p);
> >
> >// Is this packet really an acknowledgement?
> >bool valid_ack(Packet *p);
> >
> >#endif
> >
> >
> >------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >#include <click/config.h>
> >#include <click/confparse.hh>
> >#include <click/error.hh>
> >#include <click/straccum.hh>
> >#include <clicknet/icmp.h>
> >#include <clicknet/tcp.h>
> >#include <clicknet/udp.h>
> >#include "rc5.hh"
> >
> >// This file is copyright 2005/2006 by the International Computer
> >// Science Institute.  It can be used for any purposes
> >// (Berkeley-liscence) as long as this notice remains intact.
> >
> >// THERE IS NO WARANTEE ON THIS CODE!
> >
> >
> >
> >// Implementation for RC5, 32 bit, 3 rounds, 32 bit key (RC5/32/3/32)
> >// which is what's used as the random permutation for the address
> >// table, and for the pRNG for the random dropper.  This is a WEAK
> >// cypher, but as the attacker doesn't really have insight into the
> >// table state, AND since blowing out the table really doesn't buy
> >// much unless the attacker has tons of IPs, this isn't a problem.
> >
> >// Modified from applied crypto, and my simple sim
> >
> >#define RC5_ROUNDS 3
> >
> >#define ROTR16(x,c) ((uint16_t) (((x)>>((c) & 0xf))|((x)<<(16-((c) & 
> >0xf)))))
> >#define ROTL16(x,c) ((uint16_t) (((x)<<((c) & 0xf))|((x)>>(16-((c) & 
> >0xf)))))
> >CLICK_DECLS
> >uint16_t *rc5_keygen(uint64_t key){
> >    uint16_t *keyArray;
> >    uint16_t lArray[4];
> >    int i = 0;
> >    int j = 0;
> >    int k = 0;
> >    uint16_t A = 0;
> >    uint16_t B = 0;
> >    lArray[0] = key;
> >    lArray[1] = key >> 16;
> >    lArray[2] = key >> 32;
> >    lArray[3] = key >> 48;
> >    keyArray = (uint16_t *) malloc(sizeof(uint16_t) * 2 * (RC5_ROUNDS + 
> >    1));
> >    keyArray[0] = 0xb7e5;
> >    for(i = 1; i < (2 * (RC5_ROUNDS + 1)); ++i){
> >	keyArray[i] = (keyArray[i-1] + 0x9e37);
> >    }
> >    i = 0; j = 0;
> >    for(k = 0; k < 6 * (RC5_ROUNDS + 1); ++k){
> >	A = ROTL16( keyArray[i] + A + B, 3);
> >	keyArray[i] = A;
> >	B = ROTL16( lArray[j] + A + B, A + B);
> >	lArray[j] = B;
> >	i++;
> >	j++;
> >	i = i % (2 * (RC5_ROUNDS + 1));
> >	j = j % 4;
> >    }
> >    /*   click_chatter("Key array for initial key %i is\n", key);
> >	 for(i = 0; i < (2 * (numRounds + 1)); ++i){
> >	 click_chatter("%2i   0x%4x\n",i,keyArray[i]);
> >    } */
> >    return keyArray;
> >}
> >
> >uint32_t rc5_encrypt(uint32_t data, uint16_t *key){
> >    uint16_t a, b;
> >    uint32_t result;
> >    int i;
> >    a = (data & 0xffff);
> >    b = ((data >> 16) & 0xffff);
> >    a += key[0];
> >    b += key[1];
> >    for(i = 1; i <= RC5_ROUNDS; ++i){
> >	a = a ^ b;
> >	a = ROTL16(a,b);
> >	a = a + key[2 * i];
> >	b = ROTL16((b ^ a), a);
> >	b = b + key[2 * i + 1];
> >    }
> >    result = b;
> >    result = result << 16;
> >    result = result | a;
> >    return result;
> >}
> >
> >uint32_t rc5_decrypt(uint32_t data, uint16_t *key){
> >    uint16_t a, b;
> >    uint32_t result;
> >    int i;
> >    a = (data & 0xffff);
> >    b = ((data >> 16) & 0xffff);
> >    for(i = RC5_ROUNDS; i >= 1; --i){
> >	b = b - key [2 * i + 1];
> >	b = ROTR16(b,a);
> >	b = b ^ a;
> >
> >	a = a - key [2 * i];
> >	a = ROTR16(a,b);
> >	a = a ^ b;
> >    }
> >    b = b - key[1];
> >    a = a - key[0];
> >
> >    result = b;
> >    result = result << 16;
> >    result = result | a;
> >    return result;
> >}
> >CLICK_ENDDECLS
> >ELEMENT_PROVIDES(rc5)
> >
> >
> >
> >------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >#ifndef NW_RC5_HH
> >#define NW_RC5_HH
> >#include <click/element.hh>
> >
> >// This file is copyright 2005/2006 by the International Computer
> >// Science Institute.  It can be used for any purposes
> >// (Berkeley-liscence) as long as this notice remains intact.
> >
> >// THERE IS NO WARANTEE ON THIS CODE!
> >
> >uint16_t * rc5_keygen(uint64_t key);
> >uint32_t rc5_encrypt(uint32_t data, uint16_t *key);
> >uint32_t rc5_decrypt(uint32_t data, uint16_t *key);
> >
> >#endif
> >
> >
> >------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >
> >// Classifies into IP, ARP, and other
> >only_ip0 :: Classifier(12/0800, 12/0806, -);
> >only_ip1 :: Classifier(12/0800, 12/0806, -);
> >
> >
> >toEth0 :: Queue;
> >toEth1 :: Queue;
> >
> >trw :: MapTRW(10.10.1.254, CA:FE:BA:BE:00:01, 255.255.255.0, 
> >IP_TABLE_MIN_COUNT -15, IP_TABLE_MAX_COUNT 20,
> >        IP_TABLE_BLOCK_COUNT 5);
> >
> >
> >FromDevice(eth2, PROMISC true) -> only_ip0[0] -> MarkIPHeader(14) -> 
> >	[0]trw[0] -> toEth1 -> ToDevice(eth1);
> >
> >only_ip0[1] -> [0]trw;
> >only_ip0[2] -> toEth1;
> >
> >FromDevice(eth1, PROMISC true) -> only_ip1[0] -> MarkIPHeader(14) -> 
> >	[1]trw[1]-> toEth0 ->
> >	ToDevice(eth2);
> >
> >only_ip1[1] -> [1]trw;
> >only_ip1[2] -> toEth0;
> >
> >
> >------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >click mailing list
> >click at amsterdam.lcs.mit.edu
> >https://amsterdam.lcs.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/click

-- 
Nicholas C. Weaver                               nweaver at icsi.berkeley.edu
     This message has been ROT-13 encrypted twice for higher security.


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